rabbit farm in a modern way

1 . A BRIEF HISTORYLivestock was originally difficult to tame wild animals . Domesticated rabbits since 2000years ago with the purpose of beauty , food and as animalexperiment . Almost every country in the world has rabbits because rabbitsadaptability of the body which have a relatively high so that they can live inalmost all over the world . Rabbits developed in areas with populationsrelatively high population , the deployment of presence also raises rabbits designationdifferent , in Europe called rabbit , rabbit called Indonesian , Javanese calledtrewelu and so on .2 . FISHERIES CENTERIndonesia is still limited in certain areas and not become centersproduction / maintenance in other words still traditional .3 . TYPEAccording to the binomial system , the nation rabbits are classified as follows :Order : LagomorphaFamily: LeporidaeSub family : LeporineGenus : Lepus , OrictolagusSpecies : Lepus spp . , Orictolagus spp .A common type is the American bred Chinchilla , Angora , Belgian ,Californian , Dutch , English Spot , Flemish Giant , Havana , Himalayan , NewZealand Red , White and Black , Rex USA . Existing local rabbitactually originated from Europe which has been mixed with other types up beyond recognition . Types of New Zealand White and Californian excellentfor meat production , while good for Angora fur .4 . BENEFITSThe benefits derived from rabbit fur and meat is until nowstarted to sell well in the market . In addition byproduct can still be usedfor fertilizer , craft and animal feed .5 . REQUIREMENTS LOCATIONNear sources of water , far from the residence , free of smoke nuisance , baubauan ,noise and protected from predators .6 . TECHNICAL GUIDELINES FOR RAISINGNoteworthy in rabbit farming is preparationappropriate , the manufacture of cages , provision of seeds and feed supply .6.1 . Preparation Facility and EquipmentFunctions as a breeding cage with an ideal temperature of 21 degreesC , air circulation smoothly , the old ideal lighting 12 hours and protectlivestock from predators . According to usability , rabbit cages can be divided intoholding cage . To the parent / adult rabbit or parent and their children ,male cage , especially for males with larger size andCage weaning children .To avoid early marriage separation between groupsmales and females . Cage measuring 200x70x70 cm base 50 cm high enoughbetina/10 tail for 12 males. Children enclosure ( box litter ) size50x30x45 cm .According to the rabbit cage shape is divided into :1 ) Cage postal system , without pengumbaran pages , placed inroom and is suitable for young rabbits .2 ) Cage ranch system ; equipped with pengumbaran page .3 ) battery cages ; cage-like rows where the cage for oneBattery Flatdech tail construction ( lined ) , Tier Battery ( multilevel ) ,Pyramidal Battery ( pyramid stacking ) .Equipment enclosure that is needed is the feeding and drinkingshatter resistant and easy to clean .6.2 . NurseriesFor livestock dependent terms of the main objectives of the rabbit breeding .For the purpose of the type of Angora fur types , American Chinchilla and Rexa suitable animal . As for the types of Belgian meat purposes ,Californian , Flemish Giant , Havana , Himalayan , and New Zealand issuitable livestock kept .1 ) Selection of seed and broodWhen aiming for meat farms , selected types of rabbits weighingweight and height with perdagingan good , whereas for the purpose offur obviously choose the seeds that have the genetic potential of hair growthwhich is good . Specifically, for both must have the properties of high fertility ,easy not nervous , no defects , eye clean and well maintained , the fur is not dull ,agile / active move .2 ) Seed treatment and broodTreatment of seed determines the quality of a good parent anyway , thereforeprimary care that needs attention is the provision of adequate food ,setting and good sanitation and preventing the cage from the cageoutside interference .3 ) System PemuliabiakanTo get a better offspring and maintain propertiesthe specific culture that is divided into 3 categories :a. In Breeding ( inbreeding ) , to maintain and accentuate the naturefeather specific example , the proportion of meat .b . Cross Breeding ( outcrossing ) , to get more offspringgood / adding superior properties .c . Pure Line Breeding ( cross between seed magpie ) , to getnation / new kind of expected to have an appearanceblend 2 seed excellence .4 ) Reproduction and MarriageMated female rabbits immediately when reached adulthood at age 5months ( females and males ) . If too young and disrupted health andhigh child mortality . When males first marry , shouldinbred females who had been childless . Mating time in the morning / afternoonday at home stud and allow it to happen 2 times mating ,after the males separated .5 ) Birth ProcessAfter mating rabbits will experience during 30-32 days of gestation .Pregnancy in rabbits can be detected by palpating the abdomen of female rabbits12-14 days after marriage , when there seemed little balls means therepregnancy . Five days before the birth mother moved to the cagelambing to allow setting up heated by means ofshed their fur . Birth of rabbits that often occur at nightthe child's condition is weak , eyes closed and not hairy . Number of childrenborn varies around 6-10 tail .6.3 . maintenance1 ) Sanitation and Preventive ActionsMaintenance of cultivated always dry place so as not to be a nestdisease . Place the damp and wet causes colds easy rabbitand skin diseases .2 ) Control of DiseaseDiseased rabbits generally have symptoms of lethargy , appetitedown, the temperature rises and a lazy eye . When rabbits showed thisimmediately quarantined and objects pollutants also be removed forprevent outbreaks of disease .3 ) Treatment of LivestockChild weaning rabbits do after the age of 7-8 weeks . Children saplingseparate cages placed with the contents of 2-3 fish / cage and suppliedadequate food and quality . Divisions, genital necessary toprevent premature adult . Castration can be done whenadulthood . Generally performed on male rabbits withthrow balls .4 ) FeedingGiven type of feed including forage grasses covering the ground ,elephant grass , vegetables include cabbage , collards , kale , pea leaves , leaves turiand bean leaves , biji-bijian/pakan amplifier includes corn , beansgreens , rice , peanuts , sorghum , bran and oilcake - bungkilan . formeet the feed needs to feed a concentrate that can tambahnpurchased at the feed store .Given food and drink in the morning around 10:00 . rabbits givenfeed bran mixed with a little water . 13.00 given grasslittle / taste and 18.00 given in the amount of grassmuch more . Provision of drinking water should be provided in the enclosure formeet the needs of the body fluids .5 ) Maintenance CageFloor / base enclosure , where food and drink , food remains and rabbit droppingsevery day should be cleaned to prevent the onset of disease . beammorning sun had to go into the cage to kill the pests .Enclosure walls painted with lime / ter . Former rabbit cage paincleaned with Creolin / lysol .7 . PEST AND DISEASE1 ) UlcerCause : the dirty blood collection under the skin .Control : surgical blood loss and subsequent grossgiven Jodium .2 ) ScabiesCause : Darcoptes scabiei . Symptoms : characterized by sores on the body .Control : with antibiotic ointment .3 ) EczemaCause : the dirt on the skin . Control : useointment / powder Salicyl .4 ) Diseases of the earCause : ticks . Control : Vegetable oil dripping .5 ) Diseases of the scalpCause : mushrooms . Symptoms : sort incurred scales on the head .Control : with powdered sulfur .6 ) eye diseaseCauses : bacteria and dust . Symptoms : watery eyes and kept wet .Control : with eye ointment .7 ) MastitisCause: The milk that comes out a little / not able to get out . Symptoms : nippleshardened and hot to the touch . Control : with no weaningchildren too sudden .8 ) ColdsThe cause : a virus . Symptoms : runny nose continues . control :spraying antiseptic on the nose .9 ) PneumoniaCause: The bacterium Pasteurella multocida . Symptoms : shortness of breath , eye andbluish ears . Control : given a drink Sul - Q -nox .10 ) DysenteryCause : Eimeira protozoa . Symptoms : loss of appetite , body lean ,abdominal bloating and diarrhea with blood. Control : given a drinksulfaquinxalin dose of 12 ml in 1 liter of water .11 ) in rabbits is generally a pest predators of rabbits asdog .In general, disease prevention and pengendalianhama and doneby keeping the environment clean cages , feedingappropriate and meet the nutrient and the removal of livestock as soon as possiblesick .8 . HARVEST8.1 . Main resultsThe main result is the rabbit meat and fur8.2 . by-productAdditional results in the form of dung for fertilizer8.3 . arrestThen to consider how to hold the rabbit shouldtrue that the rabbit was not in pain .9 . postharvest9.1 . stovingRabbits fasted for 6-10 hours before cutting to empty the bowel .Provision of drinking remains .9.2 . cuttingCutting can be in 3 ways :1 ) Beating the introduction, the rabbit was hit with a blunt object on the headand coma when slaughtered .2 ) Fracture neck bone , broken by tension in the neck bones . wayThis is not good .3 ) Cutting usual , just like cutting other livestock .9.3 . barkingConducted from the back foot to the head with the position of the rabbithanged .9.4 . spending OffalAbdominal skin was cut from the tail to the belly button and then the innards such as intestines , heart andlungs removed . Noteworthy bladder not tobroke because it can affect the quality of the carcass .9.5 . cutting CarcassRabbit cut into 8 parts , 2 -piece front foot , 2 -piece rear legs , 2chest piece and 2 -piece rear. Percentage carcassgood 49-52 % .