Oyster mushroom is a mushroom type of wood that has a higher nutrient content than other types of wood fungi . Oyster mushrooms contain protein , fat , phosphorus , iron , thiamin and riboflavin higher than other types of fungi . Oyster mushrooms contain 18 amino acids required by the human body and contains no cholesterol .
Review of aspects of their biology , oyster mushrooms are relatively more easily cultivated . Development of oyster mushrooms do not require large tracts of land . Oyster mushroom production period relatively quickly so that the periods and shorter harvest time and can be continuous .
Oyster mushroom cultivation can be managed as a sideline or small -scale economic enterprises , medium and large ( Industrial ) . Countries that have developed as the oyster mushroom cultivation and seed agribusiness is the mainstay of China , the Netherlands , Spain , France , Belgium and Thailand . These countries trermasuk largest mushroom producer in the world .
Along with the popularity and memasyarakatnya oyster mushrooms as a food that is delicious and nutritious , then consumer demand and market oyster mushrooms in various regions continues to increase . Oyster mushroom consumption increases in proportion to population and income growth and changes in food consumption patterns of the world's population . Consumer countries largest mushroom population is the United States ( U.S. ) , Canada , Germany , Japan , Hong Kong , Belgium English , Dutch and Italian . Average per capita consumption of mushrooms Canada and European countries melibihi 1.5 kg / capita / year . While the average consumption of English and U.S. residents each about 1 kg / capita / year and 0.5 / capita / year .
COST INFORMATION
Maintenance of oyster mushroom is very practical and simple , that is by creating and maintaining the environmental conditions of maintenance ( cultivation ) are eligible oyster mushroom growth . Maintenance measures or oyster mushroom cultivation and production facilities including the preparation stages of cultivation .
Preparation Production Facility
building
Building a simple oyster mushrooms can be made from a wooden frame ( bamboo ) leaf thatched roofs , woven bamboo or woven rice straw . Kumbung ideal size is 84 m2 ( 12m long and 7m wide ) and 3.5 m high . Kumbung shape can vary , can train or similar kingpin like home . In general kumbung or oyster mushrooms building consists of several rooms , including :
preparation room
Preparation room is a room that serves to conduct Sieving , Mixing , Pewadahan , oyster mushrooms and media sterilization .
Inoculation space :
Inoculation room is a room that serves to plant the seeds in the oyster mushroom growing media , this space should be easy to clean , not a lot of ventilation to avoid contamination ( the presence of other microbes ) .
Incubation space
This room has a function to cultivate oyster mushroom mycelium growing on a medium that has been inoculated ( Spawning ) . Conditions of the room is set at a temperature of 22 - 28oC with humidity of 60 % - 80 % , the room is equipped with shelves to put the bamboo growing media in plastic bags ( baglog ) are already on inoculation .
Planting space :
Space planting ( growing ) used to grow oyster mushrooms fruiting bodies . The room is also equipped with planting shelves and atomizer / carburetion . Carburetion functions to flush and set the air temperature at the optimum conditions 16 - 22oC with humidity of 80-90 % .
equipment
The equipment used in the cultivation of mushrooms including , Mixer , hoes , shovels , filler , bottle , boilers , wheelbarrow, seeds spoon , ladle .
Materials - Materials
The materials used in the cultivation of oyster mushroom is a wood powder , rice bran ( bran ) , limestone ( CaCO3 ) , gypsum ( CaSO4 ) , corn flour ( sesame seeds ) , glucose , plastic bags , rubber , cotton , plastic rings .
stages of Cultivation
Several stages in the cultivation of oyster mushrooms that need to be addressed:
preparation Materials
Materials to be prepared including sawdust , rice bran , limestone , gypsum , corn starch , and glucose
sieving
Sawdust obtained from sawmills have poor uniformity level , this has resulted in mycelial growth rate was uneven and less good . Solve it is necessary in sawdust sifter . Size sieve to sift the sand together with ( ram chicken ) , sieving should use a mask because the sawdust mixed lot of dust and sand
mixing
The materials that have been weighted according to the needs of sawdust mixed with subsequent flushing with water about 50-60 % or if we lump the powder clumping but no water came out . This indicates the water level is sufficient .
composting
Composting is the process of weathering material done by membumbun sawdust mixture and then cover it with plastic
Packaging ( Making Baglog )
Packaging uses polypropylene plastic ( PP ) with the required size . How to wrap : inserting media into the plastic and then struck / crushed into a solid with a bottle or using a filler ( the roller ) and then stored .
sterilization
Sterilization is done by using a tool that aims sterilizer inactivate microbes , bacteria , molds , yeasts and fungi that can interfere with the growth of the plant. Sterilization is performed at a temperature of 90 - 100 ° C for 12 hours .
Inoculation ( Giving Seed )
Inoculation is activities include oyster mushroom spawn to the mushroom media that has been sterilized . Baglog drained for 1 night after sterilization , then we take the seeds and planted thereon by means tablespoon / scoop about seed + 3 tablespoons and then tied up with rubber and covered with cotton . The good seed are:
improved varieties
Optimum seedling age 45-60 days
Color seeds evenly
not contaminated
Incubation ( mycelium growth period )
Incubation is done by storing at room incubation with certain conditions . Incubation was performed until all the media uniformly white , usually white media will appear evenly between 40-60 days .
harvest
Harvesting is done after the growth of oyster mushroom achieve the optimal level , harvesting is usually performed 5 days after the candidate grow mushrooms . Harvesting should be done in the morning to preserve freshness and facilitate marketing .
Review of aspects of their biology , oyster mushrooms are relatively more easily cultivated . Development of oyster mushrooms do not require large tracts of land . Oyster mushroom production period relatively quickly so that the periods and shorter harvest time and can be continuous .
Oyster mushroom cultivation can be managed as a sideline or small -scale economic enterprises , medium and large ( Industrial ) . Countries that have developed as the oyster mushroom cultivation and seed agribusiness is the mainstay of China , the Netherlands , Spain , France , Belgium and Thailand . These countries trermasuk largest mushroom producer in the world .
Along with the popularity and memasyarakatnya oyster mushrooms as a food that is delicious and nutritious , then consumer demand and market oyster mushrooms in various regions continues to increase . Oyster mushroom consumption increases in proportion to population and income growth and changes in food consumption patterns of the world's population . Consumer countries largest mushroom population is the United States ( U.S. ) , Canada , Germany , Japan , Hong Kong , Belgium English , Dutch and Italian . Average per capita consumption of mushrooms Canada and European countries melibihi 1.5 kg / capita / year . While the average consumption of English and U.S. residents each about 1 kg / capita / year and 0.5 / capita / year .
COST INFORMATION
Maintenance of oyster mushroom is very practical and simple , that is by creating and maintaining the environmental conditions of maintenance ( cultivation ) are eligible oyster mushroom growth . Maintenance measures or oyster mushroom cultivation and production facilities including the preparation stages of cultivation .
Preparation Production Facility
building
Building a simple oyster mushrooms can be made from a wooden frame ( bamboo ) leaf thatched roofs , woven bamboo or woven rice straw . Kumbung ideal size is 84 m2 ( 12m long and 7m wide ) and 3.5 m high . Kumbung shape can vary , can train or similar kingpin like home . In general kumbung or oyster mushrooms building consists of several rooms , including :
preparation room
Preparation room is a room that serves to conduct Sieving , Mixing , Pewadahan , oyster mushrooms and media sterilization .
Inoculation space :
Inoculation room is a room that serves to plant the seeds in the oyster mushroom growing media , this space should be easy to clean , not a lot of ventilation to avoid contamination ( the presence of other microbes ) .
Incubation space
This room has a function to cultivate oyster mushroom mycelium growing on a medium that has been inoculated ( Spawning ) . Conditions of the room is set at a temperature of 22 - 28oC with humidity of 60 % - 80 % , the room is equipped with shelves to put the bamboo growing media in plastic bags ( baglog ) are already on inoculation .
Planting space :
Space planting ( growing ) used to grow oyster mushrooms fruiting bodies . The room is also equipped with planting shelves and atomizer / carburetion . Carburetion functions to flush and set the air temperature at the optimum conditions 16 - 22oC with humidity of 80-90 % .
equipment
The equipment used in the cultivation of mushrooms including , Mixer , hoes , shovels , filler , bottle , boilers , wheelbarrow, seeds spoon , ladle .
Materials - Materials
The materials used in the cultivation of oyster mushroom is a wood powder , rice bran ( bran ) , limestone ( CaCO3 ) , gypsum ( CaSO4 ) , corn flour ( sesame seeds ) , glucose , plastic bags , rubber , cotton , plastic rings .
stages of Cultivation
Several stages in the cultivation of oyster mushrooms that need to be addressed:
preparation Materials
Materials to be prepared including sawdust , rice bran , limestone , gypsum , corn starch , and glucose
sieving
Sawdust obtained from sawmills have poor uniformity level , this has resulted in mycelial growth rate was uneven and less good . Solve it is necessary in sawdust sifter . Size sieve to sift the sand together with ( ram chicken ) , sieving should use a mask because the sawdust mixed lot of dust and sand
mixing
The materials that have been weighted according to the needs of sawdust mixed with subsequent flushing with water about 50-60 % or if we lump the powder clumping but no water came out . This indicates the water level is sufficient .
composting
Composting is the process of weathering material done by membumbun sawdust mixture and then cover it with plastic
Packaging ( Making Baglog )
Packaging uses polypropylene plastic ( PP ) with the required size . How to wrap : inserting media into the plastic and then struck / crushed into a solid with a bottle or using a filler ( the roller ) and then stored .
sterilization
Sterilization is done by using a tool that aims sterilizer inactivate microbes , bacteria , molds , yeasts and fungi that can interfere with the growth of the plant. Sterilization is performed at a temperature of 90 - 100 ° C for 12 hours .
Inoculation ( Giving Seed )
Inoculation is activities include oyster mushroom spawn to the mushroom media that has been sterilized . Baglog drained for 1 night after sterilization , then we take the seeds and planted thereon by means tablespoon / scoop about seed + 3 tablespoons and then tied up with rubber and covered with cotton . The good seed are:
improved varieties
Optimum seedling age 45-60 days
Color seeds evenly
not contaminated
Incubation ( mycelium growth period )
Incubation is done by storing at room incubation with certain conditions . Incubation was performed until all the media uniformly white , usually white media will appear evenly between 40-60 days .
harvest
Harvesting is done after the growth of oyster mushroom achieve the optimal level , harvesting is usually performed 5 days after the candidate grow mushrooms . Harvesting should be done in the morning to preserve freshness and facilitate marketing .
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