Free Radicals & ; antioxidantsFree Radicals
Free radicals are defined as atoms / molecules / compounds containing one or more unpaired electrons . Because of chemical , molecular unpaired , free radicals tend to react with a molecule of the cell body . Then the compounds cause abnormal ( free radical new, more reactive ) and start a chain reaction that can damage vital cells . Some parts of the body that are susceptible to free radical attack , among others ; damage DNA , cell membranes , proteins , lipid peroxide , and autoimmune human aging process . In the medical field , it is known that free radicals are the culprit various pathological conditions such as liver disease , coronary heart disease , cancer , diabetes , cataracts , heart disease , and premature aging processes .
Examples of free radicals are superoxide ( O2 - ) , hydroxyl ( OH - ) , nitrous oxide ( NO ) , hydrogen peroxide ( H2O2 ) , hypochlorous acid ( HOCl ) , Thill ( RS - ) and others . The degree of strength of each different free radicals , and the most dangerous compounds are hydroxyl radical ( OH - ) because it has the highest reactivity . Free radicals present in the body over a variety of ways , but generally arise due to a variety of biochemical processes in the body , a byproduct of the process of cell oxidation or combustion takes place at a time breathing , cell metabolism , excessive exercise , inflammation , or when the body is exposed environmental pollutants such as car exhaust , cigarette smoke , pollutants and solar radiation .
antioxidants
Based on the above explanation, it means our bodies are highly susceptible to free radical attack , especially from free radicals in the body's natural and environmental pollution . But why not all of us get diseases that harm the body ?
This is because of the presence of neutralizing free radicals in our bodies or are called antioxidants . These antioxidants will stop the chain reaction of free radicals in the body depends on the type of antioxidant . Primary antioxidants will work to prevent the formation of new free radicals by converting free radicals into molecules that have less negative impact . Examples of primary antioxidants are Superoxide Dismustase ( SOD ) , glutathione peroxidase ( GPx ) , and metal -binding proteins . The second is a secondary antioxidant which works by mengkhelat metal that acts as a pro - oxidant , capturing radicals and prevent the occurrence of a chain reaction . For example : Vitamin E , Vitamin C , b -carotene . And lastly tertiary antioxidants that work to repair the damage caused by free radicals biomolecules . Examples of enzymes that repair DNA and methionine reductase sulfosida .
That is why our bodies are still healthy even though very susceptible to free radical attack at every second . And that should continue to be considered is the supply of antioxidants in the body must be available in sufficient quantities . For that antioxidant supplements from outside is needed to prevent the ill effects of free radicals .
But you should not worry too much , beyond antioxidant supplements in question here does not merely mean synthetic supplements or supplement the results of human products that are sold on the market such as butylated hydroxyanisole , vitamin supplements , minerals , food supplements or polyphenols are widely available in beverage products . because basically consciously or unconsciously , every day you have to consume antioxidants . Various antioxidants have been found naturally mainly in vegetables , fruits , spices , and a little in animal products .
Natural antioxidantsHere are some plants that potentially contains natural antioxidants and is all around us :plantKind of Efficacious AntioxidantsVegetablesBroccoli , Cabbage , Radish , Carrots , Tomatoes , Spinach , Chili , Beans , Pare , Leunca , Corn , Kale , takokak , CucumberFruitsGrapes , Avocado , Orange , Kiwi , Watermelon , Passion Fruit , Apple , Carambola , Papaya , CoconutspiceGinger , Ginger , Turmeric , galangal , Temumangga , Temuputih , Powder , Cardamom , Bangle , temugiring , Pepper , Clove , Nutmeg , Tamarind , Kandis acidother plantsTea , Sweet Potato , Soybean , Potato , Keluwak , Yellow Pumpkin , Pete China
Source: Hernani and Mono Rahardjo (2006 )
From the above table it is known that a lot of plants that we eat every day contain antioxidants . The antioxidant compounds scattered in various parts of plants such as roots , stems , bark , twigs , leaves , flowers , fruits , and seeds . This natural antioxidant function as a reducing agent , suppressing singlet oxygen , free radical trapper , and as metal chelators . Chemically natural antioxidants found in plants is mainly derived from the class of phenolic compounds such as flavonoids derivatives , derivatives hidroksiamat acid compound , coumarin , tocopherol and organic acids .
The antioxidant activity of various plants above are estimated to have moderate to high strength . Some plant extracts that have been known to have high antioxidant activity , among others from the class of spices such as clove extract , ginger , turmeric , ginger , cinnamon , and nutmeg . Then offcinalis Rosmarinus flower extract , cayenne extract , tea leaf , leaf god , red fruit is also known to have high antioxidant activity . Especially for spices , antioxidant activity of dried spices are generally more active than fresh herbs .
REFERENCES
Dinna Sofia . , 2005. Adan Antioxidants Free Radicals . ACID Magazine , State University of Lampung Edisis III / Year V / May 2005 , ISSN : 1410-1858 . Lampung
Fesenden and Fesenden . , 1982. Organic Chemistry Volume 2 . Erland . Jakarta
Hernani and Mono Rahardjo . , 2006. Antioxidants Efficacious plants . Self spreader . Jakarta
Online Mind . , 2008. Antioxidants , Antiaging Din Magical Substances
Free radicals are defined as atoms / molecules / compounds containing one or more unpaired electrons . Because of chemical , molecular unpaired , free radicals tend to react with a molecule of the cell body . Then the compounds cause abnormal ( free radical new, more reactive ) and start a chain reaction that can damage vital cells . Some parts of the body that are susceptible to free radical attack , among others ; damage DNA , cell membranes , proteins , lipid peroxide , and autoimmune human aging process . In the medical field , it is known that free radicals are the culprit various pathological conditions such as liver disease , coronary heart disease , cancer , diabetes , cataracts , heart disease , and premature aging processes .
Examples of free radicals are superoxide ( O2 - ) , hydroxyl ( OH - ) , nitrous oxide ( NO ) , hydrogen peroxide ( H2O2 ) , hypochlorous acid ( HOCl ) , Thill ( RS - ) and others . The degree of strength of each different free radicals , and the most dangerous compounds are hydroxyl radical ( OH - ) because it has the highest reactivity . Free radicals present in the body over a variety of ways , but generally arise due to a variety of biochemical processes in the body , a byproduct of the process of cell oxidation or combustion takes place at a time breathing , cell metabolism , excessive exercise , inflammation , or when the body is exposed environmental pollutants such as car exhaust , cigarette smoke , pollutants and solar radiation .
antioxidants
Based on the above explanation, it means our bodies are highly susceptible to free radical attack , especially from free radicals in the body's natural and environmental pollution . But why not all of us get diseases that harm the body ?
This is because of the presence of neutralizing free radicals in our bodies or are called antioxidants . These antioxidants will stop the chain reaction of free radicals in the body depends on the type of antioxidant . Primary antioxidants will work to prevent the formation of new free radicals by converting free radicals into molecules that have less negative impact . Examples of primary antioxidants are Superoxide Dismustase ( SOD ) , glutathione peroxidase ( GPx ) , and metal -binding proteins . The second is a secondary antioxidant which works by mengkhelat metal that acts as a pro - oxidant , capturing radicals and prevent the occurrence of a chain reaction . For example : Vitamin E , Vitamin C , b -carotene . And lastly tertiary antioxidants that work to repair the damage caused by free radicals biomolecules . Examples of enzymes that repair DNA and methionine reductase sulfosida .
That is why our bodies are still healthy even though very susceptible to free radical attack at every second . And that should continue to be considered is the supply of antioxidants in the body must be available in sufficient quantities . For that antioxidant supplements from outside is needed to prevent the ill effects of free radicals .
But you should not worry too much , beyond antioxidant supplements in question here does not merely mean synthetic supplements or supplement the results of human products that are sold on the market such as butylated hydroxyanisole , vitamin supplements , minerals , food supplements or polyphenols are widely available in beverage products . because basically consciously or unconsciously , every day you have to consume antioxidants . Various antioxidants have been found naturally mainly in vegetables , fruits , spices , and a little in animal products .
Natural antioxidantsHere are some plants that potentially contains natural antioxidants and is all around us :plantKind of Efficacious AntioxidantsVegetablesBroccoli , Cabbage , Radish , Carrots , Tomatoes , Spinach , Chili , Beans , Pare , Leunca , Corn , Kale , takokak , CucumberFruitsGrapes , Avocado , Orange , Kiwi , Watermelon , Passion Fruit , Apple , Carambola , Papaya , CoconutspiceGinger , Ginger , Turmeric , galangal , Temumangga , Temuputih , Powder , Cardamom , Bangle , temugiring , Pepper , Clove , Nutmeg , Tamarind , Kandis acidother plantsTea , Sweet Potato , Soybean , Potato , Keluwak , Yellow Pumpkin , Pete China
Source: Hernani and Mono Rahardjo (2006 )
From the above table it is known that a lot of plants that we eat every day contain antioxidants . The antioxidant compounds scattered in various parts of plants such as roots , stems , bark , twigs , leaves , flowers , fruits , and seeds . This natural antioxidant function as a reducing agent , suppressing singlet oxygen , free radical trapper , and as metal chelators . Chemically natural antioxidants found in plants is mainly derived from the class of phenolic compounds such as flavonoids derivatives , derivatives hidroksiamat acid compound , coumarin , tocopherol and organic acids .
The antioxidant activity of various plants above are estimated to have moderate to high strength . Some plant extracts that have been known to have high antioxidant activity , among others from the class of spices such as clove extract , ginger , turmeric , ginger , cinnamon , and nutmeg . Then offcinalis Rosmarinus flower extract , cayenne extract , tea leaf , leaf god , red fruit is also known to have high antioxidant activity . Especially for spices , antioxidant activity of dried spices are generally more active than fresh herbs .
REFERENCES
Dinna Sofia . , 2005. Adan Antioxidants Free Radicals . ACID Magazine , State University of Lampung Edisis III / Year V / May 2005 , ISSN : 1410-1858 . Lampung
Fesenden and Fesenden . , 1982. Organic Chemistry Volume 2 . Erland . Jakarta
Hernani and Mono Rahardjo . , 2006. Antioxidants Efficacious plants . Self spreader . Jakarta
Online Mind . , 2008. Antioxidants , Antiaging Din Magical Substances
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