Definition and causes of dental erosion
The structure consists of a network of dental hard tissue of teeth ( enamel , dentin , cementum ) clan dental soft tissue ( pulp ) . Components of enamel consists of 96 % inorganic materials , organic materials , and the rest is water . Inorganic material consisting of calcium in the enamel of 36.7 % , 17.4 % Phosphate . While dentin contains calcium phosphate 25.1 % and 13.9 % ( Smith , 1999) . Enamel is composed mostly of hydroxy apatite and fluor apatite fraction ( Meurman , 1996) .
Erosion is the process of demineralization of teeth by acids email solubility due process . Email solubility process that occurs as a result of the salt solubility in acidic solutions . Patogenese teIjadinya dental erosion is the result of acid etching ( Imfeld , 1996) . In the early stages of dental erosion teijadi only on the enamel surface , then a layer of enamel dissolves layer by layer . Tooth erosion occurs because demineralization of the enamel surface with decomposition peripheral prism ( Tuominen , 1992) .
Tooth erosion caused by the chemical industry generally only occur on the labial surface of the front teeth in the upper jaw and lower jaw . Tooth surfaces experiencing tooth erosion occurs on the surface of the incisal third of the labial surface of the tooth to half insicivus . Erosion on rare canines . The first signs of dental erosion is a result of the presence of chemical vapor etching on the surface of the labio - incisal that looks like glass honed . Enamel surface becomes smooth , rounded and shiny . In a further process , where erosion has occurred in the clink teeth , the dentin may experience staining , although the process of erosion in dentine is not as fast as in the enamel . Further to the pulp , may further lead to hypersensitivity of the teeth , especially due to cold stimuli . ( Nunn , 1996) .
Classification of dental erosion : Cate ( 1961) estimate of the degree of dental erosion :
1 . Etching ( Et ) : The surface of the tooth enamel shiny like glass without loss of tooth contour
2 . Erosion degree 1 ( G 1 ) : Missing layers of enamel
3 . Erosion degree 2 ( G2 ) : Missing enamel layer followed by a layer of dentin
4 . Erosion degree 3 ( G3 ) : Missing layers of enamel , dentin and secondary dentin
5 . Erosion degree 4 ( G4 ) : Missing layers of enamel , dentin and dental pulp .
Eccles , et al . ( 1982) classifies the causes of erosion in the form of inner and outer factors . One of the external factors cause tooth erosion is industrial environmental factors . Industrial environmental factors can cause erosion of teeth on the front teeth as a result of inhalation of acid vapors in the form of an aerosol or mist ( fume ) . Mc Intyre J.M. (1992 ) divides the causes of erosion :
1 . Is due to external factors :
1 . Diet ( fruit juice , citrus fruit , dangerous carbonate , acetic acid )
2 . Drugs ( hydrochloric acid , ascorbic acid , acetyl salicylic acid , iron preparations )
3 . Work ( acid -related industries )
4 . Sports ( swimming in water containing chlorite )
II . Internal factors :
1 . Belching of gastric fluid
2 . Psychological problems eg anorexia , severe alcoholics , severe stress .
3 . Side effects of the drug sitostatica ( medication for chronic asthma , overdoses or excess medications that can irritate the stomach ) .
The structure consists of a network of dental hard tissue of teeth ( enamel , dentin , cementum ) clan dental soft tissue ( pulp ) . Components of enamel consists of 96 % inorganic materials , organic materials , and the rest is water . Inorganic material consisting of calcium in the enamel of 36.7 % , 17.4 % Phosphate . While dentin contains calcium phosphate 25.1 % and 13.9 % ( Smith , 1999) . Enamel is composed mostly of hydroxy apatite and fluor apatite fraction ( Meurman , 1996) .
Erosion is the process of demineralization of teeth by acids email solubility due process . Email solubility process that occurs as a result of the salt solubility in acidic solutions . Patogenese teIjadinya dental erosion is the result of acid etching ( Imfeld , 1996) . In the early stages of dental erosion teijadi only on the enamel surface , then a layer of enamel dissolves layer by layer . Tooth erosion occurs because demineralization of the enamel surface with decomposition peripheral prism ( Tuominen , 1992) .
Tooth erosion caused by the chemical industry generally only occur on the labial surface of the front teeth in the upper jaw and lower jaw . Tooth surfaces experiencing tooth erosion occurs on the surface of the incisal third of the labial surface of the tooth to half insicivus . Erosion on rare canines . The first signs of dental erosion is a result of the presence of chemical vapor etching on the surface of the labio - incisal that looks like glass honed . Enamel surface becomes smooth , rounded and shiny . In a further process , where erosion has occurred in the clink teeth , the dentin may experience staining , although the process of erosion in dentine is not as fast as in the enamel . Further to the pulp , may further lead to hypersensitivity of the teeth , especially due to cold stimuli . ( Nunn , 1996) .
Classification of dental erosion : Cate ( 1961) estimate of the degree of dental erosion :
1 . Etching ( Et ) : The surface of the tooth enamel shiny like glass without loss of tooth contour
2 . Erosion degree 1 ( G 1 ) : Missing layers of enamel
3 . Erosion degree 2 ( G2 ) : Missing enamel layer followed by a layer of dentin
4 . Erosion degree 3 ( G3 ) : Missing layers of enamel , dentin and secondary dentin
5 . Erosion degree 4 ( G4 ) : Missing layers of enamel , dentin and dental pulp .
Eccles , et al . ( 1982) classifies the causes of erosion in the form of inner and outer factors . One of the external factors cause tooth erosion is industrial environmental factors . Industrial environmental factors can cause erosion of teeth on the front teeth as a result of inhalation of acid vapors in the form of an aerosol or mist ( fume ) . Mc Intyre J.M. (1992 ) divides the causes of erosion :
1 . Is due to external factors :
1 . Diet ( fruit juice , citrus fruit , dangerous carbonate , acetic acid )
2 . Drugs ( hydrochloric acid , ascorbic acid , acetyl salicylic acid , iron preparations )
3 . Work ( acid -related industries )
4 . Sports ( swimming in water containing chlorite )
II . Internal factors :
1 . Belching of gastric fluid
2 . Psychological problems eg anorexia , severe alcoholics , severe stress .
3 . Side effects of the drug sitostatica ( medication for chronic asthma , overdoses or excess medications that can irritate the stomach ) .
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