understanding Substances Arsenic, Chromium and Boron and its functions according to the experts
Arsenic
Arsenic deposited selectively in ectodermal tissues, especially in the nail and hair keratin network. Arsenic levels of less than 0.1 mg/100 grams of hair generally has no meaning. Levels that may occur as a result of the accumulation of arsenic in subclinical exposure in normal people.
In the past the discovery of arsenic in large quantities in the nail and hair usually interpreted as a sign of exposure to high levels of arsenic single dose 1-2 weeks before or the beginning of a series of small doses of arsenic exposure (2). Recent research suggests that arsenic can be detected in hair and nails in a significant amount only 30 hours after exposure (3). Initially it was suspected that the arsenic contamination came from the sweat that contains arsenic, as arsenic is excreted through sweat and can be attached to the network
containing keratin if he is in contact. However, Pearson and Pounds research on the hair by using NAA deny these allegations
Arsenic contained in nails and hair will not change their concentration over the years, except if the network environment is exposed to strong acid or base. Until now there are many people who believe that that the deposits of arsenic in the hair followed (roughly) the speed of hair growth, which is a quarter to a half inch per month. Thus, the old and the current arsenic exposure can be estimated on the victim, if the victim's hair is long enough to be divided into sections and analyzed the content of arsenic (2) A person who dies within 6-8 hours after ingestion of arsenic in his hair in the number of overdose generally do not show the presence of arsenic (3).
Chromium
Chromium is derived from the word chroma meaning color. Many color components can be made from chromium. Chromium was discovered by Louis Vauquelin in France in 1797. Chromium is located in block D, group 6, period 4. Chromium at a temperature of 298 K are solid is antiferromagnetic. Has a period of relative molecular 51.9961 g / mol. Has no atoms 24 and have densities of 1.15 g/m3.
Electronegativity of chromium is 1.66. Pengatomannya enthalpy is 121.8 KJ / mol at 250 C; enthalpy of melting is 15.3 KJ / mol and the enthalpy of evaporation of 341.8 KJ / mol and has a heat capacity of 23.35 J / mol K and the heat conductivity of 93.9 W / m K, also has a poison ratio of 0.21. Has a sound speed 5940 m / s. Chromium is the Brinell hardness of 1120 MPa, kekersasan mohsnya of 8.5 and hardness of 1060 MPa vickersnya. Cr also has a Young's modulus value of the modulus is 297 GPa sebesarr, shear modulus of 5940 GPa, and a modulus of 160 GPa Bulk. Chromium has an electric resistvittas of 125 Ωm and electric conductivity of 0.0774 × 106 / cmΩ. Chromium is not flammable solids.
Usefulness of Chromium
of Chromium is to make stainless steel, is also used to coat automobile components, for magnetic tape, a knife, to the laser and to make paint. Chromium (VI) oxide (CrO3) is used for the magnetic tape industry, magnets are made of chromium oxide quality is better than iron oxide
Usefulness of Boron
Research utilization of boron and sulfur minerals from geothermal waste material additives for industrial glass and fertilizer in the fiscal year 2001 covering the characteristics of the mineral boron and sulfur is in the geothermal waste to determine the physical properties, chemical properties and the second type of minerals in the waste. Some water samples have been taken from the craters, lakes and hot springs in the area of Dieng, Central Java and Kamojang / Garut, West Java and analyzed the content of boron and sulfur. The analysis showed that the content of boron in the water sample from the Dieng area ranged from 4 ppm to 15 ppm, which is derived from the Kamojang / Garut ranged from 8 to 10 ppm. The content of sulfur in the water samples from Dieng ranging from 2 ppm to 15 ppm, which is derived from Kamojang / Garut around 10 ppm.
Arsenic
Arsenic deposited selectively in ectodermal tissues, especially in the nail and hair keratin network. Arsenic levels of less than 0.1 mg/100 grams of hair generally has no meaning. Levels that may occur as a result of the accumulation of arsenic in subclinical exposure in normal people.
In the past the discovery of arsenic in large quantities in the nail and hair usually interpreted as a sign of exposure to high levels of arsenic single dose 1-2 weeks before or the beginning of a series of small doses of arsenic exposure (2). Recent research suggests that arsenic can be detected in hair and nails in a significant amount only 30 hours after exposure (3). Initially it was suspected that the arsenic contamination came from the sweat that contains arsenic, as arsenic is excreted through sweat and can be attached to the network
containing keratin if he is in contact. However, Pearson and Pounds research on the hair by using NAA deny these allegations
Arsenic contained in nails and hair will not change their concentration over the years, except if the network environment is exposed to strong acid or base. Until now there are many people who believe that that the deposits of arsenic in the hair followed (roughly) the speed of hair growth, which is a quarter to a half inch per month. Thus, the old and the current arsenic exposure can be estimated on the victim, if the victim's hair is long enough to be divided into sections and analyzed the content of arsenic (2) A person who dies within 6-8 hours after ingestion of arsenic in his hair in the number of overdose generally do not show the presence of arsenic (3).
Chromium
Chromium is derived from the word chroma meaning color. Many color components can be made from chromium. Chromium was discovered by Louis Vauquelin in France in 1797. Chromium is located in block D, group 6, period 4. Chromium at a temperature of 298 K are solid is antiferromagnetic. Has a period of relative molecular 51.9961 g / mol. Has no atoms 24 and have densities of 1.15 g/m3.
Electronegativity of chromium is 1.66. Pengatomannya enthalpy is 121.8 KJ / mol at 250 C; enthalpy of melting is 15.3 KJ / mol and the enthalpy of evaporation of 341.8 KJ / mol and has a heat capacity of 23.35 J / mol K and the heat conductivity of 93.9 W / m K, also has a poison ratio of 0.21. Has a sound speed 5940 m / s. Chromium is the Brinell hardness of 1120 MPa, kekersasan mohsnya of 8.5 and hardness of 1060 MPa vickersnya. Cr also has a Young's modulus value of the modulus is 297 GPa sebesarr, shear modulus of 5940 GPa, and a modulus of 160 GPa Bulk. Chromium has an electric resistvittas of 125 Ωm and electric conductivity of 0.0774 × 106 / cmΩ. Chromium is not flammable solids.
Usefulness of Chromium
of Chromium is to make stainless steel, is also used to coat automobile components, for magnetic tape, a knife, to the laser and to make paint. Chromium (VI) oxide (CrO3) is used for the magnetic tape industry, magnets are made of chromium oxide quality is better than iron oxide
Usefulness of Boron
Research utilization of boron and sulfur minerals from geothermal waste material additives for industrial glass and fertilizer in the fiscal year 2001 covering the characteristics of the mineral boron and sulfur is in the geothermal waste to determine the physical properties, chemical properties and the second type of minerals in the waste. Some water samples have been taken from the craters, lakes and hot springs in the area of Dieng, Central Java and Kamojang / Garut, West Java and analyzed the content of boron and sulfur. The analysis showed that the content of boron in the water sample from the Dieng area ranged from 4 ppm to 15 ppm, which is derived from the Kamojang / Garut ranged from 8 to 10 ppm. The content of sulfur in the water samples from Dieng ranging from 2 ppm to 15 ppm, which is derived from Kamojang / Garut around 10 ppm.
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