The function of attitudes and factors that influence attitudes

The function of attitudes and factors that influence attitudes
Discussion Function attitudes and the factors that influence attitudes can be seen pda explanation points below the attitude functions ( Katz in Walgito , 1990)
a. Instrumental function or function adjustment
In connection with the means objectives , attitude serves as a means to an end . People looked at the extent to which the attitude object can be used as a means to achieve goals. This function is also called adjustment function , meaning that the attitude taken someone will be able to adjust well to the surroundings .
b . The function of ego defense
Is a function of the ego , or an attitude taken by someone in order to maintain or angkunya ago .
c . The function of the value of the expression
Attitudes that exist in a person is a way for individuals to express values ​​in him . By expressing oneself will get satisfaction and can show the situation himself .
d . The function of knowledge
This function means that every individual has the urge to want to know . With experience that is not consistent with what is known by the individual , will realign or changed so as to be consistent .
Factors that influence attitudes Factors influencing attitudes towards the attitude object attitude functions and factors that influence attitudes , among others :
a. personal experience
Can be the basis for the formation of attitudes , personal experiences should leave a strong impression . Because of this attitude would be more easily formed when personal experience occurs in situations involving emotional .
b . The influence of other people that is considered important
In general, people tend to have an attitude in line with the attitude of people considered important . This trend , among others, motivated by a desire to avoid conflict with a person that is considered important .
c . The influence of culture
Unconsciously it has instilled a culture of line influence our attitude towards various issues . Culture has colored the attitude of its members , because that gives budayalah individi - style experience of individual community care.
d . mass media
In the newspapers or radio or other communications media , which is supposed to be factual news conveyed objectively tend influenced by the attitude of the author , consequently affect the attitudes of consumers .
e . Religious educational institutions
Moral concepts and teachings of educational institutions and religious institutions is crucial belief system . It is not surprising that in turn affects the attitude concept .
f . emotional factors
Sometimes, a form of attitude , fueled by an emotional statement that serves as a sort of channeling frustration or alienation of the ego defense mechanisms ( Anwar , 2005)

Understanding attitudes and characteristics of attitudes and attitude measurement

Understanding attitudes and characteristics of attitudes and attitude measurement
According Thursheon (1990) Understanding attitudes and characteristics of attitudes and attitude measurement is that the attitude is a picture of a person's personality is born through physical movement and mind responses to a situation or an object. Also according to Berkowitz in the object is a person's attitude or emotional feelings and the second factor is the reaction or response, or the tendency to react. Of the opinion can be said that the attitude is a tendency, views, opinions or penderian someone to assess an object or issue and act in accordance with the judgment by realizing the positive and negative feelings in the face of an object. Meanwhile, according to an attitude Notoadmodjo reaction masi closed, can not be seen directly that can be interpreted from visible behavior. According to Anwar, 1995 is the attitude of readiness to react to an object in a certain way. Form of reaction to positive and negative ways, attitudes include likes and dislikes approach and avoid situations, objects, people, groups and social policies. Carl Jung, 1993 is the attitude of physical readiness to act or react in a certain way. According Purwanto 1998 outlook attitude is a tendency to act in accordance with the attitude object.
The characteristics of the attitude
The characteristics of the attitude (Purwanto, 1998), namely:
a. Attitude is not under since birth but learned along the established or in progress in relation to its object. This property distinguishes the properties biogenis motives such as hunger, thirst and the need for rest.
b. Attitudes can change the attitude because it can be learned and to change the attitude of the people if there are circumstances and under certain conditions that make it easier on people's attitudes.
c. Attitude does not stand alone, but always has a certain relation to an object, in other words, the attitude was formed, learned, or constantly changing with respect to a particular object and can be formulated clearly.
d. The attitude object is a particular case but also a collection of these things.
e. In terms of motivation and attitude have aspects that distinguish the natural attitude of feeling and attitude skills or knowledge possessed the knowledge.
How to measure attitudes
Attitude measurement can be done by assessing a person's statement. Inclusion is the attitude of the sentence that states something about the attitude object was about to reveal.
Statement may contain or manifest a positive attitude about the object, ie the sentence is supporting or favoring the attitude object. Instead statement may also contain negative things about the attitude object bersufat not support or counter the attitude object.
Attitude measurements can be made directly and indirectly. Can directly reveal how the opinions / statements of respondents to an object. Indirectly can be done with hypothetical statements later in the opinion expressed by the questionnaire respondents Understanding attitudes and characteristics of attitudes and attitude measurement (Notoadmodjo, 2003).
The level of attitude
Level attitude (Notoadmodjo, 2003), namely:
a. Receive
Interpreted that the person (the subject) and want to pay attention to a given stimulus (object)
b. Respond
The answer if asked, doing and completing the task that is given is an indication of the attitude. Due to an attempt to answer the question or do the tasks assigned, regardless of the job that's right or wrong, is the mean person receiving the idea.
c. Appreciate
Invite others to work or discuss a problem.
d. Be responsible
Responsible for all the risks of a voting that has been, is the most high attitude