how to turn off a large tree

how to turn off a large tree
Often we experience the event of any tree on the wall or on the wall of our house is just too high position and has many times we will however continue to grow the crop again . It is very easy and already maspary practice / try two times and the results are very effective .

    The first one I use to shut down a large tree that grows in highway pavements not treated by the government so that endanger road users . Want to cut down on the fear of people around but because the tree leaves are very large and very heavy . After one week of treatment given by maspary mighty tree that the leaves turn yellow and fall off , after 15 days the tree is bare and dry. Finally there PU officer who cut the tree .
    Secondly there is a fairly large plant stuck behind the top of the wall so it is very difficult to cut it . Although it is difficult already several times maspary trim but still grow again , even looks more lush growth . After maspary observe it turns out that tree roots have entered into a wall and damaging the walls . Wall into the cracks because the roots are growing conceded . Oops earned nihh , must immediately take action ........ inner maspary . After 1 day of action taken leaves of plants that had turned yellow and pale , after 5 days the plants are dry and some leaves have fallen .
how to turn off a large tree or trees that are difficult to reach are:

    Find the roots of trees or plants which amounted to little finger
    Then cut on the land borders , the more down the better .
    Take herbicide active ingredient glyphosate if no use is made ​​of active 2,4 D also good because both systemic . ( The first maspary use the second Round Up maspary use Lindomin ) .
    Pake tolerable concentration of concentrated ex : 50 ml / liter of water . That Pour 50 ml of the herbicide and then mixed with 1 liter of water . If too many herbicides can use the 12.5 ml and then mixed with 250 ml of water .
    Enter a role in the solution of mineral water bottles or in plastic .
    Then masukkkan plant root tip plastic or earlier into the bottle until the dye solution .
    Position the order bottles / plastic does not spill .
    Let the solution tersbut sucked and taken by the plants .
    Staying observe what will happen to the tree .

TYPES BASED FERTILIZER abortion

TYPES BASED FERTILIZER abortionRegards Farmer! ! Fertilizer plant is a basic requirement that must be met by the farmer . For a fertilizer plant food reserves to meet the food supply in the soil . So if the availability of food ( nutrients ) in the soil is insufficient for plant growth so plants need fertilizer , and if those needs are not met eat will affect the growth and development of plants .
type - fertilizer - based - abortion
Classification of the type of fertilizer does vary according to each version . Classification of fertilizer can be distinguished based on their raw materials , fertilizers by way of making it , according to the method of fertilizer application etc. . For colleagues who have experience in the field of agriculture certainly is not foreign to classify the fertilizer . But this time Maspary will classify the type of fertilizer according to the ingredient Gate Farm version .

    Chemical fertilizers . Chemical fertilizers are fertilizers obtained from chemical processing . Chemical fertilizers are divided into two groups: single fertilizer and compound fertilizer . Single fertilizer . Single fertilizer is a fertilizer that contains only one macro nutrients alone . An example is a source of nitrogen fertilizers such as urea ( CO ( NH ₂ ) ₂ ) and ZA or ammonium sulfate ( NH ₄ ) ₂ SO ₄ ) . Both of these fertilizers react sour so not suitable for air yanh low pH soil . SP36 source of phosphate fertilizer is that it contains 36 % P ₂ O ₅ and potassium fertilizer source is potassium chloride or KCl containing 45 % K ₂ O , fertilizer reacts sour and not good for growing tobacco and carrots . Compound fertilizer . Is a fertilizer that contains elements of N , P and K. For example Phonska NPK fertilizer containing elements of N : P : K 15 % : 15 % : 15 % . This fertilizer is subsidized fertilizer that's why it's cheap . Another example is the subsidized fertilizer NPK NPK Pelangi , the rainbow has a content of fertilizer N: P : K is different which is 20 % : 10 % : 10 % . Fertilizer rainbow dipenyimpanan more resistant and is suitable for rice because it implies higher N and slightly soluble . Examples of non- subsidized fertilizer NPK NPK NPK Pearls and BASF . Both of these fertilizers is imported compound fertilizers containing N : P : K greater at 16 % : 16 % : 16 % . Both fertilizer prices are very much more expensive than Phonska and Rainbow , but the quality is also much better . There is also a kind of compound fertilizer which implies only micro elements , but its application is usually only through the leaves .
    Organic fertilizer . Organic fertilizers are fertilizers mainstay of organic farmers . Organic fertilizers derived from the processing of organic materials ( animal manure , animal Bankai , crop residues , etc. ) . Ideally, the soil organic matter content is 5 % of the volume of topsoil layer ( topsoil ) soil . Minimum content of organic matter in the soil is 2 % . Examples of organic fertilizers is Petroganik , compost , manure , fertilizer Pomi etc.
    Biological fertilizer . Fertilizer biological fertilizer is second only organic fertilizers for organic farmers . As the name implies , is fertilizer biological fertilizer containing microorganisms biological agents that are useful for plants . Biological fertilizer is ideal to use if the content of organic matter in the soil sufficient in number . Because the function of biological fertilizers are organic materials decompose in the soil actually is food for the biological agents . In a biological fertilizers usually contain more than one type of biological agents . Examples of bio-fertilizers are EM4 , Pomi etc.

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Basic Concept of Family

Basic Concept of Family

    Duvall and Logan (1986 ) : Family is a group of people with the bond of marriage, birth , and adoption aimed at creating , maintaining culture , and enhance the physical, mental , emotional , social and of each member of the family .
    Bailon and Maglaya ( 1978) : The family is two or more individuals living in a household because of the blood, marriage , or adoption . They interact with each other , have their respective roles and create and sustain a culture .
    Department of Health (1988 ) : The family is the smallest unit of a society consisting of a head and a couple of people who come together and live in a place under one roof in a state of mutual dependence .
It can be concluded that the characteristics of the family are :1 . Consists of two or more individuals who are bound by blood, marriage or adoption2 . Family members usually live together or separately if they still consider each other3 . Family members interact with each other and each has a social role : husband , wife , children , brother and sister4 . Have a purpose : creating and maintaining culture , enhance the development of physical, psychological , and social members .
FAMILY FUNCTIONThere are five families of functions that can be run as follows:
1 . biological functions

    To continue the descent .
    Maintaining and raising children .
    Meet the nutritional needs of the family .
    Maintaining and caring for family members .
2 . psychological functioning

    Give love and security .
    Giving attention among family members .
    Fostering family member 's personality maturation .
    Providing family identity .
3 . socialization function

    Foster socialization in children .
    Establish norms of behavior in accordance with the child's developmental level .
    Forward cultural values ​​.
4 . economic functions

    Finding sources of income to meet family needs .
    Setting the use of family income to meet family needs .
    Saving to meet the needs of families in the future , such as children's education , pension and so on .
5 . The function of education

    Send children to provide the knowledge , skills , and shape children's behavior according to their talents and interests they have.
    Prepare children for adult life that will come in fulfilling its role as an adult .
    Educate the child according to levels of development .
FAMILY STRUCTURE

    Patrilineal : blood relatives consisting of blood relatives within a few generations , in which the relationship was arranged through the father
    Matrilineal : blood relatives consisting of blood relatives within a few generations in which the relationship was arranged through the maternal line
    Matrilocal : a husband and wife who lived with the mother's blood
    Patrilocal : a husband and wife who lived with her ​​husband blood relatives
    Marital family : husband-wife relationship as the basis for family formation , and some relatives who become part of the family because of the relationship with your husband or wife .
The characteristics of Family Structure

    Organized : interconnected , interdependence between family members
    There are limitations : each member has the freedom , but they also have limitations to carry out the functions and duties of each
    There is a difference and specificity : each family member has a role and function of each .
TYPES TYPE / TYPE / SHAPE FAMILY
A TRADITIONAL

    The nuclear family ( nuclear family ) >> family consisting of husband , wife and children .
    The Dyad family >> family consisting of a husband and wife ( no kids ) who live together in one house
    Elderly family >> family consisting of a married couple who are already parents with children already separated themselves
    The childless family >> Families without children being late to marry and to have children late time , which is caused by the pursuit of a career / education that occurs in women
    The extended family ( extended family / great ) >> The family consists of three generations living together in one house with such nuclear family : uncles , aunts , parents ( grandmother's sister ) , nephew , etc. )
    The single - parent family ( family of widower / widow ) >> family consisting of one parent ( father and mother ) with a child , this happens usually through the process of divorce , death and abandonment ( unlawful marriage )
    Commuter family >> Both parents work in different cities , but one of the city as a place to stay and parents who work outside the town could gather on a family member during the weekend ( week-end )
    Multigenerational family >> family with several generations or age groups who live together in one house
    Kin -network family >> Some nuclear family living in one house or adjacent to each other and use each other goods and services the same . For example : the kitchen , bathroom , television , telephone , etc. )
    Blended family >> family formed by the widower or widow remarriage and raising children from previous marriages
    The single adult living alone / single - adult family >> family which consists of adults who live alone by choice or separation ( separation ) , such as : divorce or widowed
B. NON - TRADITIONAL :

    The unmarried teenage mother >> family consisting of parents ( especially mothers ) with children from the relationship without marriage
    The stepparent family >> family with stepparents
    Commune family >> Some couples families ( with children ) who are not related brothers , who live together in one house , the source and the same facilities , the same experience , socialization with children through group activities / raising children together
    The nonmarital heterosexual cohabiting family >> family who live with multiple partners without marriage
    Gay and lesbian families >> Someone who has sex equality live together as husband and wife (marital partners )
    Cohabitating couple >> Adults who live together outside the bonds of marriage for some reason
    Group - marriage family >> Some adults who use the tools of the shared household , who have been married to each other with each other , share things, including sexual and child rearing
    Family >> Family Group network core bounded by a set of rules / values ​​, living close to each other and using household items together , care and raising responsible children
    Foster family >> family receives a child who does not have family / relatives in a while , when the child 's parents need to get help to reunite a family whose original
    Homeless family >> family is formed and does not have permanent protection because of personal crisis associated with the state of the economy and or mental health problems
    Gang >> A form of destructive family , from young people who are looking for emotional and family ties that were interested , but thrive in violence and crime in his life .

Basic Concepts of Nursing

Basic Concepts of Nursing1 . nursing
a. understanding nursing
Nursing is a form of health care professionals who are part of the internal health care , based on nursing science and troubleshooting services to the shape of biological , psychological , social , and community both healthy and diseased , and covers the entire process of human life ( MOH , 2000) .
b . The purpose of nursing
1 ) . Helping people become free of perceived health problems and encourage individuals and communities to participate in improving health status .
2 ) . Indivudu help develop their potential in maintaining optimum health in order not to depend on others in maintaining health.
3 ) . Helping individuals to obtain optimal health status .
2 . Nursing process
a. Understanding the Nursing Process
The nursing process is a system in which nursing care plan has four stages , namely the assessment , planning , implementation or implementation , and evaluation . Another alternative of the nursing process consists of five phases which include assessment , diagnosis , planning , implementation and evaluation ( Lismidar , 2005) .
b . The purpose of the Nursing Process
The end result of this process is to write down a plan of nursing . The nursing process is a systematic problem-solving process in providing nursing care . The nursing care plan is a guideline in providing nursing care .
c . Nursing Process Steps
There are five steps in the nursing process in five steps are all interrelated and influence each other , namely assessment , nursing diagnosis , planning , implementation and evaluation that form a chain as follows .
1 ) . Nursing Assessment .
Assessment is an initial step in the nursing process . A careful assessment is needed to identify the patient's problems , in order to give direction to nursing actions . With the aim to gather information and create a data base of patients .
Assessment measures the following data :
a) Data collection
Data collection is done since entering the hospital , for patients treated continuously and made ​​to add to and complement the existing data . Based on the data source , distinguished by assessment data ; Primary data is data obtained directly from the patient or the patient's family , while secondary data is data obtained from physical examination ( inspections , palpation , percussion , Aulkutasi ) . In general, there are several ways of collecting data that is anamnesis , including: a) . The identity of the client : name , age , gender , address , religion , language spoken , marital status , education , occupation , ethnicity, blood type , registration number , date and time of hospital admission ( MRS ) , and medical diagnostics , b ) . Main complaints generally hepatitis are nausea vomiting , c ) . History of present illness , review the chronological occurrence of nausea and vomiting and relief that has been obtained for , alleviate complaints , d ) . Past medical history : Has there ever been treated in hospital if ever , what pain ? Pulmonary Tuberculosis is there any disease , pankresitis , types , which can interfere with liver function , e ) . Family history of family disease associated with hepatitis whether there is a family suffering from hepatitis due to hepatitis can be contracted quickly , f ) . Psychosocial and spiritual history , examine the emotional response to the illness of suffering client , the client 's role in the family and society , and the response or effects in everyday life , both in the family and society , g ) . Patterns of Health functions include: 1 ) the pattern of perception and self-concept : anxiety and shame arising due to whole body iktrus that happened , anxiety , a sense of inability to perform activities optimally and views against him is wrong ( disorder self-image ) , 2 ) sensory and cognitive patterns : review of long-term memory and short-term if the disorientation of time and place , 3 ) penggulangan pattern of stress : anxiety arises about the situation himself , which raised fears of disability on self and body functions . , 4 ) patterns and values confidence: the client with hepatitis can not practice their religion well , this is caused by pain and limitation of motion of clients, 5 ) . Nutrition and metabolic patterns : a client with hepatitis should consume more nutrients everyday needs , such as calcium , iron , protein , vitamin C , and others to help the healing process , 6 ) . The pattern of elimination client will be impaired . Nevertheless it needs to assess the frequency , consistency , color and smell of feces and the elimination pattern Alvi . It also should review the frequency , sensitivity , color , odor , and amount of the urinary elimination pattern , the second pattern also examined the difficulty or not , 7 ) . Activity patterns arise because of pain , limited motion . All forms to be reduced client activity and client require a lot of help from others . Another thing that needs to be studied adalal form of client activity especially client work , 8 ) . Rest and sleep patterns . All clients with hepatitis pain and limited movement so that it can interfere with sleep patterns and needs of the client . In addition it is necessary to study the amount of sleep , the atmosphere , sleep habits , sleep difficulties , and the use of sleeping pills . h ) Physical Examination : a) . Eye , the sclera iktrus and pale , showing the reflection of hemolysis anemia , cirrhosis , or neoplasm , b ) . Ekstermitas : skinny may be associated with cirrhosis , c ) . Parotid gland , the parotid gland was enlarged , d ) . Skin : the skin examination in the presence of iktrus found throughout the body , e ) . Mental status : on examination stus mental and neurological functions will be found and intellectual decline personality changes , f ) . On abdominal examination in the presence of ascites were found along with periumbilical veins were dilated and showed cirrhosis and an extensive portal collateral circulation . On palpation there is enlargement of the liver and liver cirrhosis downsizing occurs .
2 ) . Nursing Diagnosis .
Some nursing problems that may arise in patients with hepatitis by Carpenito L. J (1999 ) , as follows :
1 ) Changes in nutrition less than body requirements related to , the feeling of discomfort in the right upper quadrant , impaired absorption and digestion of food metabolism , input failure to meet the metabolic demands due to anorexia , nausea and vomiting , 2 ) . Impaired sense of comfort ( pain ) associated with swelling of the liver is inflamed liver and portal vein dam , 3 ) . Hypertermi associated with invasive agent in the blood circulation secondary to inflammation of the liver , 4 ) . Fatigue associated with chronic inflammatory process secondary to hepatitis , 5 ) . High risk of skin integrity and tissue damage associated with pruritus secondary to the accumulation of the pigment bilirubin in the bile salts , 6 ) . A high risk of transmission of infection associated with the infectious nature of the virus agent .
3 ) . Implementation Measures of Nursing .The implementation is to implement what has been formulated in the intervention and step - lngkah in the implementation , including the preparation and implementation of clients in receiving nursing care . nurses need to pay attention to communication skills in supervision , leadership motivation in making decisions .In step implementation of activities , in addition to nurses carry out efforts to achieve the goal , the nurse must also consider the legal and ethical aspects as well as trying to prevent the complications that arise in the nursing care given .
4 ) . Evaluation of Nursing .
Evaluation is an activity that is intentional and involves continuous with patients and other health team members . Evaluation is a systematic comparison of the patient's nursing plan , with defined objectives and a continuous effort , involving patients , nurses and other health care team .
The purpose of the evaluation is to determine whether the expected results achieved or not and to find out if a new problem arises after the act of nursing .
There are two kinds of evaluation criteria , namely criteria and process outcomes. Criteria for evaluating the course of the process according to the situation and needs of the patient's condition while criteria for evaluating the results of outcomes after implementing nursing actions in the form of assessment " SOAP " . S or expression based on the patient's subjective outcome . O or objective that nurses know the results of the observations client's condition , A is the result of the assessment is an assessment analysis of existing problems whether resolved or not resolved , and P or Planning ( plan ) is the next stage of planning or implementing cessation .

Basic Concepts of Hepatitis

Basic Concepts of Hepatitis
1 . understanding Hepatitis
Hepatitis is a diffuse inflammatory process in tissues that can be caused by viral infection and by the toxic reactions to drugs and chemicals . ( Sujono , 1999) .
Acute hepatitis is an acute infectious disease with the main symptom is closely related to the presence of necrosis in the liver ( Mansjoer , 1999) .
Acute viral hepatitis is an infectious disease that is spread widely in the body , although the striking effect occurs in the liver ( Price, 1995) .
Chronic viral hepatitis , is a collection of heart disease due to various causes with more severity than six months ( Batticaca , 2009) .
Hepatitis A or infectious hepatitis is a disease is transmitted through oral contamination - pekal poor hygiene or contaminated food ( Suzanne , 2001) .
2 . Etiology of Hepatitis A
According Batticaca , (2009 ) that cause hepatitis are as follows a) . Virus , hepatitis A virus ( HAV ) was once known as infectious hepatitis with an incubation period ranging from 15-45 days , or three to four weeks , not two nanometer -sized capsule , heat resistant , and acid resistant virus is present in the stool of patients , b ) . Alcohol causes alcoholic hepatitis and alcoholic cirrhosis subsequently became , c ) . Medications causing toxic to the liver , so it is often called toxic hepatitis and acute hepatitis , d ) . Bacterial agents , by physical or chemical injury can cause nonviral hepatitis .
3 . Hepatitis classification
Some viruses are known to menginfersikan hepatitis A , hepatitis B , hepatitis C , hepatitis D , hepatitis E.
1 . Hepatitis A / Hepatitis is an infectious disease transmitted through oral - pekal contamination due to poor hygiene / food contaminated .
2 . Hepatitis B / serum hepatitis is a disease that is serious and is usually transmitted through contact with blood containing the virus . The disease is also transmitted through sexual intercourse and can be found by other body fluids cement .
3 . Hepatitis C / Hepatitis non - A non - B . This virus is a common cause of infection to blood -borne supali commercial . Hepatitis C is transmitted together with hepatitis B mainly through blood transfusion .
4 . Hepatitis D / hepatitis delta and actually is a defective virus that he himself can not infect hipatosit to cause hepatitis . Hepatitis D is transmitted like hepatitis B. Hepatitis D antigen and antibody can be checked on a blood donor .
5 . Hepatitis E was identified in 1990. This virus is a virus that is transmitted through ingestion of contaminated water . Most of the reported cases are found in developing countries .
4 . Pathophysiology and Basic Human Needs Irregularities In Clients With Hepatitis .
Inflammation spreads to the liver ( hepatitis ) can be caused by viral infection and by the toxic reactions to drugs and chemicals . The basic functional unit of the liver is called lobul and this unit is unique because it has its own blood supply . Often with the development of inflammation in the liver , the liver disrupted the normal pattern . Disruption of the normal blood supply to the liver cells causing necrosis and damage to the liver cells . After passing his time , the liver cells become damaged disposed of by the body's immune system response and replaced by a new liver cells healthy . Therefore , most of the clients who have hepatitis recovered with normal liver function is the metabolism of amino acids . Hearts change the amino acid excess into fat , produce hemoglobin which is the basic ingredient of bile , and the change in the absorption of nutrients from the gut , ( Price and Wilson , 1995) .
Inflammation of the liver due to viral invasion would lead to an increase in body temperature and heart 's capsule stretch lead to feelings of discomfort in the upper right quadrant of the abdomen . This is manifested by the presence of nausea and pain in the gut .
Onset of jaundice because the liver parenchymal cell damage . Although the number of billirubin that has not undergone conjugation into the liver remained normal , but due to liver cell damage and intra- hepatic bile duktuli , then there is the difficulty of transporting billirubin in the liver . There was also a difficulty in terms of conjugation . Consequently billirubin imperfect issued through the hepatic duct , due to retention ( due to the excretion of cell damage ) and regurgitation in duktuli , bile has not undergone conjugation ( indirect bilirubin ) , and bilirubin were already experiencing conjugation ( direct bilirubin ) . So here jaundice arising mainly due to difficulties in transport, conjugation and excretion of bilirubin ( price and wilson , 1995 )
Feces contain little sterkobilin therefore , pale stools ( abolis ) . Because the water-soluble bilirubin conjugation , bilirubin can be excreted into the urine , resulting in urine and urinary bilirubin dark . Elevated levels of conjugated bilirubin can be accompanied by an increase in bile salts in the blood that would cause itching and jaundice .
1 . Clinical Manifestations of Hepatitis
Signs and symptoms of hepatitis A viral hepatitis type A hepatitis A outbreak that the child typically cause symptoms in adults when there are symptoms such as fatigue , fever , nausea , abdominal pain , yellow eyes and loss of appetite . The symptoms will disappear altogether in the incubation period of six to twelve weeks . People who have received the hepatitis A outbreak will be immune to the disease . Unlike hepatitis B and C , hepatitis A outbreak led to the enactment of chronic hepatitis .
In general, signs and symptoms of hepatitis according Eltzer & Suzanna , (2001 ) is as follows :
1 . Incubation period , each kind of different hepatitis viruses , A Virus shoots past 15-45 days (average 25 days ) , virus B shoots past 40-180 days ( average 75 days ) , non- A and non Viruses B - tunasnya15 past 150 days (average 50 days ) .
2 . Phase Pre jaundice
Complaints are generally not typical . Complaints caused by a viral infection lasts about two to seven days . Decreased appetite ( first arose ) , nausea, vomiting , upper right abdomen ( solar plexus ) felt ill . The whole body aches , especially in the waist , shoulders and malaise , irritability fatigue , increased body temperature of around 39oC lasts for two to five days , headache , and joint pain .
3 . phase jaundice
Concentrated tea-colored urine , pale stools , decreased body temperature accompanied by bradycardia . Jaundice of the skin and sclera continues to increase in the first week , then settled and the new reduced after 10-14 days . Sometimes accompanied by itching all over the body pasa , lethargy and irritability capeh flavor felt for one to two weeks . Healing phase began when the disappearance of the signs of jaundice , nausea , pain in the pit of the stomach , followed by increased appetite on average 14-15 days after the onset of jaundice , the color looks normal people start to feel fresh again .
2 . examination Support
As for the investigation of patients with hepatitis is as follows
a. laboratory
Liver function tests : abnormal ( 4-10 times normal ) note : a limit value for distinguishing viral and non- viral hepatitis , AST ( SGOT ) ALT ( SGFT ) : initially increased , rising to 102 weeks before jaundice then seemed to decline , complete blood : HR decreased in relation to the decrease in human life ( liver enzyme disorders ) or result in bleeding , Leokopenia : thrombocytopenia may exist ( splenomegah ) , complete blood differentiation : leukocytosis , monositasi , atipikel lymphocytes , and plasma cells , alkaline fostosme complete : leukocytosis , monocytosis somewhat increased ( unless there is a heavy leukstasis ) , feces : color clay , steahorea (decreased liver function ) , serum albumin : decreased , blood sugar , hyperglycemia transfer / hypoglycemia ( impaired liver function ) , Anti- HAV IgM : Positive on type A , HBs AG : Positive DPT ( type B ) or negative ( type A ) note : a diagnostic before clinical symptoms occur , protombin period : may elongate ( liver dysfunction ) , serum Silirobin : above 2.5 mg / 100 ml when above 200 mg / ml of a poor prognosis may be related with an increase in secondary necrosis . Tereksfesi ESP : increased blood levels , liver biopsy : diagnosis and shows the extent of necrosis .
b . Radiology
The radiological examination in patients with hepatitis A is is as follows a) . X-ray examination of the abdomen , b ) . Displacement careful with technetium preparations , gold , or rose bengal labeled radioactive , c ) . Kolestogram , d ) . Kalangiogram , and e ) . Celiac arteriography blood vessels .
c . additional examination
Additional examination in the case of hepatitis is laparoscopy and liver biopsy .
3 . management
Treatment of viral hepatitis is primarily suporsif and include : Rest as needed , health education regarding avoiding use of alcohol / drugs , health education about the modes of transmission to sexual partners and family members , offered keluraga of hepatitis patients to receive specific echoes pure globulin against hepatitis A virus hepatitis B virus , which can provide passive immunity against infection , but temporary . hepatitis B virus vaccine via intramuscular three times at specified interva , one and two doses given one month apart , intravenous dose administered six months after the fifth dose .